Bottle-neck-forming tool.



W. S. DORMAN.

BOTTLE NECK FORMING TOOL.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 23, 1908.

Patented May 4, 1909.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

is N W. S. DORMAN.

BOTTLE NECK FORMING TOOL.

APPLICATION FILED MAR.23,1903.

Witnesses LUL ' swung N @FFKQE.

'\\'lLLl.-\M S. DORWAN, OF BROOKLYN, l\'E\ YORK.

BQTTLE-NEGK-FQRMING TOOL.

a citizen of the touted Stat-es, residing at Brooklyn, hiings county, Kcw York, have invented certain new and useful improve- :ncn'ls in Butt]e-Neck-Forming Tools; and I do hereby declare the l'cllowing to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it apperlains to make and use the SKIING.

This invention relates to certain improvemerits in bottle neck forming tools; and the objects and nature of the invention will be readily understood by those skilled in the art in the light of the following explanation of the accompz'inying drawings illustrating what I now consider the preferredembodiment of my invention from among other formations within the spirit and scope of said invention.

An object of the invention is to provide certain improvements in formations of parts and details and in combinations and arrangements whereby a highly efficient and improved bottle neck forming tool will be produced capable of forming bottle necks accurately of uniform size or diameter.

The invention consists in certain novel features in construction and in combinations and arrangements as more fully and particularly set forth hereinafter.

Referring to the accompanying drawings. Figure fl, is a longitudinal section showing the tool applied to a bottle mouth and illustrating the first step in the forming process. Fig. 2, is a corresponding view showing the next or final step in the iorming process, the rms or handles having been pressed or inwardly to their limits of inward .nt toloring the forming jaws thereof alive position. Fig. 3, is a section on the lin 3-3. Fig. 2. .i 5g. 4, is a longitudii. enlarged, on the line a r-4;, Fig. 3. an end view. 6, is a detail is oi iorlni head or hood, the

' ring mandrel, and one g links or levers. e drawings, are the handles or lily hinged together at 2, corre- J t the arms to swing other in the same 'r ends, these arms are the opposing forming jaws 3,

ri id witn and forming continuations of the he mner laces or the aws are of Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed march 23,1908. Serial No. 422,78.

Patented May 4. 1909.,

El such configuration or formation as may be required to producev bottle necks of the exterior formation desired. For instance, each jaw across the inner end portion of its working face is formed with a transverse groove or concavity 30, of the approximate curvature of the exterior head or bulge of the upper end of the bottle neck or mouth, and at the inner end of said concavity 30. the working face of the jaw terminates at a transverse stop or hearing face or edge 31.

The arms are usually provided with means normally or yieldingly holding the same in inoperative position and at their limits of separating movement. Various means can be employed for this purpose, although in the specific example illustrated, I show a U- shaped plate spring 4, inserted between the hinged ends of the arms to yieldinglyhold them in inoperative position, as shown in Fig. 1, whereby the closing movement of the arms to bring the jaws to operative position, Fig. 2, will be against the tension and resistance of said spring.

A forming head or hood 5 is arranged between the inner end portions of the working faces of the jaws, and this head is rovided with a lon itudinal stem 6, rigid therewith and exten ing toward the hinge connection between the arins. The stem passes loosely throu h a erforation in the spring 4, and is guide an held thereby against lateral defiection. The hood 5, is also provided with an outwardly extending longitudinal centering and forming pin or mandrel 7, rigid therewith and tapering outwardly. The free ends of the swinging arms 1, are connected together through the medium of the hood 5, and a pair of links or levers 8. The hood is longitudinally slotted in a diametrical plane to receive said lovers 8, which are res ectively fulcruined or pivoted in the 'hooil oy pivot pins 80. The front or outer ends of the lovers are arranged in diametrically opposite portions of the hood, and the levers extend rearwardly from the hood and at their rear ends are pivotally joined to the inner sides of their respective arms by suitable means such as transverse pivot pins 81. The levers extend forwardly in the hood beyond their fulcrums 80, therein, and each lever at the outer edge of its front end, within theliood, is formed with a projecting tooth 82', preferably having a sharp or square rear edge or shoulder. The hood 5, is composed of a block or head having the opposite parallel flat side faces 50, through which the slot containing the levers 8, centrally 0 ens, and these flat bearin faces of the hoo are arranged opposite and are adapted to receive or be engaged by the stop faces 31, of the forming aws, respectively, when said jaws are in operative position. The front, forming or working end of the hood is constructed and designed to form or shape the interior and exterior of the bottle mouth to the highest point, that is to the point of greatest diameter of the exterior of the head or bead of the bottle mouth or neck, independently of or before the forming jaws are brought into action to shape the exterior of the bottle neck below said point of,greatest external diameter 'and to swage or com ress the glass to proper shape on the man rel. To this end the front end of the block constitutin the hood is formed with deep segmental forming or shaping concavities about concentric with the mandrel and arran ed-diametrically opposite each other and intersected by the flat faces 50, of the block. In

- other words, the shaping concavities 51,

form similar segments having a common radius and would form a single annular groove, shaping or forming cavity if not tanentially intercepted b the opposite flat Faces 50. The walls of the concav ties at the opposite ends thereof usually flare or taper an at mer'ge on curved lines into the faces 51.

The concavities are formed between the enlarged cylindrical hub or base portion 52, of the mandrel and the skirts of. flanges 53, arranged at the ends of the hood block, and each concavity, in cross section at a point centrall between its ends, is of the form and shape 0 the wall of the bottle mouth or neck head in cross section down to the point thereof of reatest external diameter. I

Although, I do not wish a) so limit all features of my invention, yet in the specific example illustrated,'the tool is designed to produce a bottle havin an annular internal sealing seat or shoul er and an annular groove or over hanging annular lockin shoulder interposed in the surrounding wa ofthe bottle month between said seat and the to edge of the bottle mouth. To this end, t e base 52, of the mandrel, between the depending skirts 53, of the forming hood, terminates in the abrupt annular shoulder 54, from which the tapered portion of the mandrel projects to form the reduced interior of'the bottle neck below the interior annular sealing seat heretofore referred to, which seat is formed in the bottle mouth by said by form the interior annular seat in the bottle mouth with a raised inner edge and an annular'depression or groove between said ed e and the surrounding vertical inner annuIar wall of the bottle mouth although I do not wish to so limit all features of my invention.

To form the internal annular groove or overhanging locking shoulder in thewall of the bottle mouth below the top edge thereof, the extended ends of the levers 8, are re- Vided with the teeth or projections 82, w iich are so arranged that when the arms are brought to o erative position with their jaws up against t e flat faces of the hood, said levers will be rocked to swing their front ends outwardly and roject the teeth 82, radially beyond the circ e of the circumference of the base 52, to cut the groove in'the bottle, just above the annular seat therein and a distance below the to surrounding edge of the bottle mouth. \Vlien the arms are in their normal separated positions, the front ends of the levers 8, are swung inwardly with their cutting teeth withdrawn into the mandrel base. However, I do not wish to limit all features of my invention to the employment of the levers having the cutting teeth nor to reducing the mandrel below its base to form the internal shoulder.

In using the tool of this invention, the bottle neck mouth is reheated to the desired degree, and the mandrel is then thrust into the bottle neck and the hood is pressed against the mouth or head thereof while the bottle is rotated and the tool held stationary, or vice versa. During this preliminary or bottle mouth forming operation, the jaws remain inactive or in inoperative position. During the operation as so far stated, the soft glass of the bottle mouth is forced into the hood and by the relative rotation of the partsthe shaping or forming concavities of the hood accurately shape the bottle mouth from its to edge down to its point of greatest exterv na diameter and also accurately shape that portion of the interior of the bottle mouth included vn'thin the hood, that is around the mandrel base. The said head portion of the bottle mouth is thus by the hood, shaped and formed accurately of the desired external and internal diameter, so that all bottle heads or months will be reshaped accurately to a uniform diameter and form. The soft glass of the portion of the bottle mouth sha ed by the hood is partially and quickly chi ed by contact therewith, but the surplus soft glass is forced downwardly by the action ofthe hood in forming the upper part of the head,

shoulder 53.

In the s ecific example illustrated, I show the shoul er 5%, of the mandrel tapered or reduced inwardly from its outer annular edge to the cylindrical longitudinal wall of 65 the reduced portion of the mandrel to therepresses the arms to ing the jaws to operaceases tive position. hen the arms are swung toward each other, the levers 8, force the hood longitudinally toward the bottle and the hood thereby tends to swa'ge or further compress the soft glass of the bottle neck beyond that portion of the head previously formed and chilled by the hood, and at about the same instant, the jaws are brought into operative contact with the soft glass of the rolling bottle and compress the glass properly to and around the reduced portion of the mandrel and properly against and into the annular concavity of the shoulder at the front end of the mandrel base to form the a ling seat in the bottle mouth. The working faces of the jaws also engage the soft glass bulged out beyond the skirts of the hood and gradually work the same outwardly or forwardly along the bottle neck toward the pointed end of the mandrel, and until the stop faces 31, of the jaws engage the flat faces of the hood and limit further in ward movement of the jaws.

"lhe forming concavities 30, of the jaws are formed to work the surplus glass toward the body of the bottle and to smooth off the exterior of the bottle head downwardly or forwardly from the point of greatest bottle head diameter and in smooth continuation of the surface formed by the hood so that the jaws can be easily brought to their limits of inward movement and against the hood as the portion of the glass chilled by the hood will not interfere with or prevent the full closing movement of the jaws.

Usually the rear or inner portion of each jaw concavity 30, that is the portion in the same transverse plane as the-shaping concavities of the hood, is somewhat increased in depth to clear the glass surface previously shaped bythehood. Thisclearance is articularly shown in Fig. 4, wherein it is in icated by the reference letter c. It will thus be observed that the skirts of the hood extend for wardly on the exterior of the bottle mouth to the transverse plane of the greatest external diameter of the bottle head and very quickly and accurately shape and form said head up to such plane to the desired diameter, before the jaws reach operative position to press down and shape the glass for wardly beyond the plane of greatest external diameter of the bottle head.

Material advantages in the practical manufacture of bottles adapted to be sealed by caps or metal plugs applied under pressure are thereby attained, as the bottle mouths can by the use of my tool, be accurately made to a uniform diameter which is so essential to the successful application of sealing devices to the bottles without bottle breakage. The bottle neck forming tools heretofore generally employed were of such construction and formation as not to produce all bottle mouths of a uniform diameter,

a, and hence a large percentage of bottles were broken, during the sealing or capping operation because of the variations in the s rape stationary and the bottle rotated or the bot tle be held stationary and the tool rotated by hand or mechanism.

It is evident that various changes and modifications might be resorted to in the forms, arrangements and construct-ions described without departing from the spirit and sec )e of my invention, hence i do not. wish to imit myself to the exact construction disclosed.

What I claim is 1. A bottle neck forming tool comprising op osite forming jaws, means normally withholhing the same from operative position, a bottle head forming hood having a forwardly projecting mandrel, and connecting levers between said hood and jaws, said hood having reduced side faces to receive said jaws and at its front end having bottle head shaping segmental opposite 'concavities forming skirts adapted to extend to the point of greatest external diameter of the bottle head,

said concavities at their ends ening through said reduced side faces, sait jaws formed to act on the bottle head and neck from said point of greatest diameter forwardly toward the bottle body, substantially as described.

2. A bottle neck forming tool comprising a hood having a forwardly projecting mandrel to enter the bottle neck, said hood at its front end having forwardly projecting skirts formed to shape the exterior of the bottle head forwardly to the plane of the greatest external diameter thereof, said skirts being spaced from the base of the mandrel and in connection therewith forming bottle mouth shaping concavities, and opv osite normally withheld forming jaws mova le to operative position with respect to said hood to shape the bottle head forwardly therefrom'toward the bottle body, substantially as described.

3. A bottle neck forming tool comprising a hood having a'forwardly projecting mandrel to enter the bottle, neck, said hood having opposite reduced side faces and at its front end on o 'osite sides of the mandrel and between. salt side faces formed with forwardly extending skirts to shape the exterior of the bottle head forwardly toward the bottle body about to the plane of the greatest external diameter of said head, and movable normally withdrawn forming jaws arrangedopposite said reduced faces of the hood, substantially as described.

4. A bottle neck forming tool comprising a hood having a forwardly projecting man- 7 drel, said hood having reduced Opposite side diameter and with said mandrel orming shaping concavities, and normally held movable forming jaws arranged opposite said reduced faces and having clearance spaces in the working plane of said skirts, substan tially as described.

5. A bottle neck forming tool comprising a hood having forwardly rojecting skirts to shape the exterior of the ottle head, and a centering and forming mandrel rojecting forwardly from within the hood an arranged centrally between saidskirts and in connection therewith forming shapin concavities, and normally withheld'movalfie oppositely arranged forming jaws to cooperate with said hood and adapted to shape the bottle head and neck forwardly beyond the working lane of said skirts,'said jaws having their wor ing faces formed to clear that portion of the bottle head shaped by said skirts.

6. A bottle neck forming tool comprising a hood havin forwardly projecting bottle head sha ing s irts and a centering mandrel rigid wit and extending forwardly from the hood, said mandrel having an enlar ed base,

rigid therewith and arranged midway etween and spaced from said skirts and terminating in an annular shoulder 54, hinged yieldingly separated arms provided with opposing formingjaws arranged on opposite sides of said hood, and levers connectin said jaws and said hood, said hood bein s otted to receive said levers, the forwar ends of said levers having lateral teeth normally withdrawn in said mandrel base and adapted to project radially therefrom when said. jaws are brought to operative position.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature. in presence of two witnesses.

WILLIAM s. DORMAN. Witnesses JOHN Z. MIDDLETON, FRANKLIN W. PHAYRE. 

